Irish Immigrants in 19th Century Indiana

11 Locations | Curated by Kaitlyn Leib and Kayley Schacht

During the nineteenth century, the United States saw increased immigration, especially from European countries. Immigration is the term for when someone permanently moves from one country to another. Irish immigrants came to America to find new opportunities, seek greater political and religious freedom, or escape poor living conditions. Irish immigration to the United States occurred throughout the 1800s but was the greatest during the Great Famine and Potato Blight of 1845 to 1852. During the Great Famine, potato crops became infected and did not produce well. People in Ireland, especially those of lower social classes, ate a lot of potatoes. Without this key source of food, large-scale starvation occurred. Many left the country to survive and find a better life. It is estimated that about 81% of immigrants coming to the United States between 1851 and 1860 were Irish.

The promise of land and employment on canal and railroad building sites drew many Irish immigrants to Indiana. Settling in urban and rural areas, Irish men, women, and children worked to fit into new environments while protecting their cultural identity. This tour examines sites of work, war, play, and community for Irish Americans in 19th century Indiana. Throughout the state, Irish Hoosiers built up the country’s infrastructure, sustained vital industries, developed towns and neighborhoods, and established lasting traditions. Their legacy as Indiana’s second-largest immigrant population remains in the state’s culture, institutions, and built environment.

This tour shares a range of sites and stories to introduce you to Irish history in 19th century Indiana. It will take you through canal and railroad construction sites, Civil War battles, city neighborhoods, and places of leisure and celebration. It offers glimpses into major events and everyday lives, but does not capture the whole Irish immigrant experience. Please be aware that some of these sights may be inaccessible or on private property.

In late August 1897, three branches of the Ancient Order of Hibernians gathered for their annual picnic at Robison Park in Fort Wayne. Over 3,000 people of Irish nativity or descent flocked to the new amusement park to enjoy the festivities. The afternoon boasted a variety of sporting events,…
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